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V.186.176.19
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Two marks, held together, are the whole of the test: a mind at rest in the Self, and no craving left at all.

It is tempting to claim this word, yukta, too early. Krishna gives you a way to check honestly instead: has the mind actually stopped reaching outward, and has the wanting itself, not just its expression, genuinely gone quiet.

18Chapter 6
The verseSpoken by Krishna
Voices6 commentators · 5 schools · modern voices
The readingAbout 5 minutes, unhurried
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते। निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा
yadā viniyataṁ chittam ātmanyevāvatiṣhṭhate niḥspṛihaḥ sarva-kāmebhyo yukta ityuchyate tadā

When the disciplined mind stands still in the Self alone, and you no longer crave any object at all, then you are called yukta, joined, settled in yoga.

Bhagavad Gita 6.18
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Sanskrit recitation by Swami Brahmānanda

Audio from the Gītā Supersite, IIT Kanpur

The reading read whole, as one unhurried piece

Where it stands

You have been given the seat, the posture, the steady gaze, the discipline of practice. Now Krishna tells you what all of that was for: the exact moment at which it can honestly be said that you have arrived.

The teaching

The test for yukta: a mind that has stopped reaching, a heart that has stopped wanting.

Here is the whole test, stated in a single verse, and it asks for two things together, not one. First, the disciplined mind comes to rest in the Self alone. This is not a passing lull between distractions; it is the mind's actual settling into its own ground, no longer rising outward toward objects because nothing outward any longer holds a higher claim on it. Second, the craving dries up. Not suppressed, not merely unexpressed, but genuinely gone, for every object, the ones you can see and the ones you cannot, the ones available now and the ones you imagine lying beyond this life. Where this happens, several readers note, it happens because the actual defects of the craved object have been seen, so the wanting leaves the way a fever leaves once its cause is gone, not because you have clenched your will against it. Only when both marks hold together, the resting mind and the dried-up craving, does the word yukta rightly apply. This is worth being strict about. Stillness without the corresponding loss of appetite is not yet this state, and a reduction in craving without real inward rest is not yet this state either. The verse names one arrival seen from two sides, and it marks that arrival as a genuine threshold: what comes before it is preparation, and what this verse names is the thing itself.

The doubt that rises

How would you actually know, without fooling yourself, that you have crossed this threshold rather than merely grown skilled at appearing calm? The verse gives you two checks, but checking honestly against your own mind is its own difficult practice.

Where the paths divide

Advaita Vedanta

Read as the mind's return to its own substrate, pure consciousness.

Shankara and Madhusudana read the resting mind as dissolving into what it always, underneath, already was. Madhusudana is exact about the mechanics: the inner instrument, cleared of restlessness and dullness, stands revealed as the conscious power alone once every movement has stopped, and nothing is actually lost in this, since the Self itself was never the thing in motion. 'Alone' carries the sense of non-duality, an all-Self-ness with nothing left over to want, since wanting requires a second thing to want.

Vishishtadvaita

Read as rest made possible by a prior, singular devotion.

Ramanuja's extant word on this verse is brief but exact in its order: the mind fixes and stops moving because nothing besides the Self any longer holds any higher purpose for it, and the freedom from craving that follows is the consequence of that rest, not a separate discipline pursued alongside it. Rest comes first; the emptying out of wanting grows from it.

Dvaita

A brief fragment, honestly held apart from later elaboration.

What survives of Madhva's comment on this verse is a single short line, that the mind comes to rest in the self, too spare to support a developed reading placed confidently in his own voice. What can honestly be said is that his framework, built on a permanent distinction between the finite self and the Lord, would resist any reading of this rest as merger with the Supreme. That guard is made explicit in later Dvaita sub-commentary, and it is presented here as belonging to that later voice, not smuggled into Madhva's own terse line.

Kashmir Shaivism

A brief fragment; a fuller reading offered only as marked extrapolation.

Abhinavagupta's surviving remark here is likewise short: a note on the word 'when' as marking a precise threshold, and the observation that this yogin's mark is a mind fixed on the self, longing for nothing at all. A fuller Kashmir Shaiva reading, treating the rest as recognition of consciousness's own inherent freedom rather than absorption into a separate ground, would extend naturally from his broader system, but it is offered here explicitly as an extension beyond what this fragment itself develops.

Bhakti

Read as the plain, testable answer to a practitioner's real question.

Sridhara frames the verse as answering exactly the question a sincere practitioner asks: when does my yoga actually count as accomplished? He takes both marks at their ordinary sense, available to your own honest reflection rather than requiring a technical metaphysics first, and adds a note from experience: when outward action is governed by measured, regulated means, inner happiness expands on its own, and the seat of liberation is reached not as a distant reward but as something that grows naturally out of disciplined, ordinary living.

Modern

Read as a claim about attention and insight, not willpower.

Drawing on Madhusudana's careful distinctions, a modern-facing reading emphasizes that what stops here is the mind's restless movement toward objects, and that the craving dries up because its causes, the imagined worth of the object, have genuinely been seen through. This reframes the verse away from an act of suppressed willpower and toward something closer to insight: you stop wanting what you have actually, clearly seen cannot give you what you were asking of it.

The schools agree completely on the two marks and on holding them together, but they part on what the resting mind actually touches. Advaita reads it as dissolution into a single, undivided consciousness with nothing left to distinguish. Dvaita, even from its thin word here, would insist the distinction between the finite self and the Lord survives the rest rather than dissolving in it. Vishishtadvaita reads the rest as consequence of a devotion already directed elsewhere. The two fragmentary voices, Madhva's and Abhinavagupta's, leave real room here rather than settled positions, and that gap is left open rather than filled in on their behalf.

A question to carry

When you imagine the craving actually gone, not suppressed, not managed, but gone, do you picture stillness as loss, or as finally being able to give the object in front of you your whole, undivided attention?

May the reaching quiet in you before you notice it has gone, and may the noticing itself be gentle, without needing to have arrived anywhere in particular.

Each school is voiced from the commentators named above. Their full words, every translation, and where the schools agree and differ wait in the reading desk just below. Open the commentary desk.

The earlier verses of this chapter laid out the seat, the posture, the steady practice. Here Krishna names the threshold all of that was preparing you to cross.

Where they agreethe convergence

Rest in the Self and freedom from craving are not two separate achievements; they are one arrival, seen from two sides, and neither alone earns the name.

Across schools and centuries the commentators come to the same ground. These are the points they share, and the voices that hold each one.

3schools

This verse gives the precise test for when a practitioner can finally be called yukta, joined and settled in yoga.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Śrīdhara · Madhusūdana
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 2 others’ words

The verse gives a precise test for a word Krishna has been using loosely until now: yukta, joined, settled in yoga. It is not enough to have been practicing; a specific, recognizable state must actually arrive before the word rightly applies, and this verse states exactly what that arrival looks like.

Asked in question 1, below
3schools

The first mark is inward stillness: the restrained mind stops chasing outward objects and rests in the Self alone.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Śrīdhara · Madhusūdana
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 2 others’ words

The first mark of that arrival is inward stillness. The restrained mind stops chasing outward objects and comes to rest in the Self alone, not as one more object among others but as the ground it no longer leaves. This is read as a genuine settling, not a temporary lull between distractions.

Asked in question 2, below
2schools

The second mark is the drying up of desire: craving for every object, seen and unseen, genuinely departs.

Across Advaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Śrīdhara · Madhusūdana
In Śaṅkara, Śrīdhara, and 1 others’ words

The second mark is the drying up of desire. Craving for every object, seen and unseen, here and in whatever lies beyond, is said to have genuinely departed, not merely gone quiet for a while. Several readings stress that this happens because the flaws in the desired objects are actually seen, so the thirst leaves on its own rather than being clamped down by will.

Asked in question 3, below
3schools

Both marks must hold together; neither stillness alone nor reduced craving alone yet earns the word yukta.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 1 others’ words

Both marks must hold together for the word yukta to apply. Stillness in the Self without the corresponding loss of craving, or a reduction of craving without real inward rest, does not yet earn the name. The verse names one accomplished state seen from two angles, not two separate achievements that could arrive independently.

Asked in question 5, below
2schools

Freedom from craving comes by seeing through the actual defects of what is craved, not by suppressing the wanting through force of will.

Across Advaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara and Śrīdhara’s words

The verse functions as a threshold within the chapter's argument. It marks the moment where the earlier instructions on seat, posture, and steady practice stop being preparation and become the settled condition they were preparing you for, a condition the following verses will go on to describe and picture, most famously as a lamp that does not flicker in a windless place.

This is the shared ground; it can be carried as it is. Below is where they differ.

Where they differthe divergence

The question they answer differently
Is the mind's rest in the Self a dissolving into pure, non-dual consciousness with nothing left to want, or a settling made possible because some other, more particular ground, whether the Lord or one's own dependent nature, has finally become the mind's sole concern?
The traditional commentators
Advaita Vedāntasee this school across the GītāŚaṅkara, Madhusūdana
The mind's motion stops and only the conscious power, unmixed with anything not-self, stands revealed; nothing is lost, since the Self was never in motion to begin with.
Applies once every mental movement has actually been stilled, not merely reduced.
Viśiṣṭādvaitasee this school across the GītāRāmānuja
The mind fixes, unmoving, because nothing but the Self any longer holds a higher purpose for it, and the freedom from craving follows from that rest as its consequence.
The rest in the Self is the ground; the loss of craving is what grows from it.
Viśiṣṭādvaita, in their fuller words

Ramanuja's extant comment on this verse is brief, but it gives a clear order of dependence: the mind is fixed, unmoving, because nothing besides the Self any longer holds a higher purpose for it, and only on that basis does the freedom from every craving follow and earn the name yukta. The rest in the Self comes first, as the ground; the loss of craving is its consequence, not a separate discipline pursued alongside it.

Rāmānuja
Dvaitasee this school across the GītāMadhva
The extant comment is a single line, the mind rests in the self; the Dvaita framework would resist reading that rest as merger with the Supreme, though this line itself does not argue the point.
Honest limit: later Dvaita sub-commentary, not Madhva's own extant word here, makes the guard explicit.
Dvaita, in their fuller words

Madhva's published word on this exact verse is a single line, that the mind comes to rest in the self, too brief to support a developed reading in his own voice. What can be said honestly is that his Dvaita framework, which holds a permanent real distinction between the finite self and the Lord, would resist any reading of this rest as merger or identity with the Supreme; later Dvaita sub-commentary makes that caution explicit, though that elaboration belongs to the sub-commentarial tradition rather than to this terse line itself.

Madhva
Shaivasee this school across the GītāAbhinavagupta
The surviving remark only marks 'when' as a precise threshold and names longing-for-nothing as the yogin's sign; a fuller reading of the rest as recognition of the self's own freedom is a flagged extrapolation, not the extant text.
Honest limit: the fragment does not itself develop a non-dual-versus-recognition argument.
Shaiva, in their fuller words

Abhinavagupta's surviving comment here is a single short remark, on the word 'when' as marking a precise threshold, and the observation that the yogin's mark is a mind fixed on the self, longing for nothing. On a Kashmir Shaiva reading more broadly, one would extend this, clearly as extrapolation beyond the fragment itself, to treat the resting as recognition of consciousness's own inherent freedom rather than absorption into a separate ground, so the stilling of craving would be the falling away of contraction rather than an act of suppression.

Abhinavagupta
BhaktiŚrīdhara
Both marks are read plainly, as testable in ordinary experience, with regulated outward action shown to let inner happiness expand on its own until the settled state arrives naturally.
Framed as the answer to a practitioner's live question: when does my yoga actually count as accomplished?
Bhakti, in their fuller words

Sridhara frames the verse as the plain answer to a practitioner's real question: when does my yoga actually count as accomplished? He takes both marks, the inward stillness and the dried-up craving, at their ordinary sense, testable in one's own experience, and adds a practical note: when outward action is regulated by measured means, inner happiness expands on its own and the path of yoga opens easily, so the person of regulated activity comes to occupy the very seat of liberation.

Śrīdhara
Modern voices teachers of the last two centuries, read together; they stand apart from the classical schools
A modern readingMadhusūdana
What ends is the mind's restless movement toward objects, and the craving dries up because its causes have been seen through, not because desire was suppressed by will.
Reframes the verse as a claim about attention and insight rather than metaphysics first.
A modern reading, in their fuller words

Read for a contemporary ear, Madhusudana's careful separation of the mind's movement from the Self's own ever-present being reframes the verse as a claim about attention rather than metaphysics first: what stops is the mind's restless movement toward objects, and the craving dries up because its causes, the perceived worth of those objects, have genuinely been seen through, not because desire has been willed away by force.

Madhusūdana
Sit with these

A few questions to carry

These ask for understanding, not recall; each answer is settled by the commentary itself.

1
What single question does this verse answer?
2
What is the first of the two marks the verse names?
3
What is the second, inseparable mark the verse names?
4
How can you tell genuine freedom from craving apart from mere suppression of it?
5
Why must both marks, inward stillness and freedom from craving, hold together for the word yukta to apply?
For a second sitting7 more questions
6
For Madhusudana, what exactly stops when the mind is said to rest in the Self?
7
According to Ramanuja's extant comment, what makes the mind stop moving toward objects?
8
What is the honest state of Madhva's extant comment on this verse?
9
What does Abhinavagupta's surviving remark on this verse actually contain?
10
What practical note does Sridhara add to the two marks of the verse?
11
The verse names this state with the word 'when.' What does that word choice signal about the state?
12
What would a modern-facing reading, drawing on Madhusudana's careful distinctions, emphasize?

Carry this with youwhat stays

Notice, this week, one moment when a craving simply was not there rather than being suppressed. Do not manufacture the moment; only notice it when it arrives on its own, perhaps right after you have seen clearly, even briefly, that the object you usually want could not actually give what you were asking of it. That seeing, not a effort of will, is the mechanism this verse is pointing to.

So do not rush to claim the word. Watch instead for the quiet, doubled sign: a mind no longer reaching, and a heart no longer hungry, and let the word arrive on its own when both are true.

यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते।yadā viniyataṁ chittam ātmanyevāvatiṣhṭhate

Read deeper

Everything a full study holds, folded below.

Word by word12 terms
yadāwhenviniyatamfully controlledchittamthe mindātmaniof the selfevacertainlyavatiṣhṭhatestaysnispṛihaḥfree from cravings: sarvakāmebhyaḥfor yearning of the sensesyuktaḥsituated in perfect Yogitithusuchyateis saidtadāthen
All the commentary, woven togetherevery voice, in one place

The commentary, woven together

machine-assisted draft, pending review

Convergence

he verse gives a precise test for a word Krishna has been using loosely until now: yukta, joined, settled in yoga. It is not enough to have been practicing; a specific, recognizable state must actually arrive before the word rightly applies, and this verse states exactly what that arrival looks like.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

The first mark of that arrival is inward stillness. The restrained mind stops chasing outward objects and comes to rest in the Self alone, not as one more object among others but as the ground it no longer leaves. This is read as a genuine settling, not a temporary lull between distractions.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

The second mark is the drying up of desire. Craving for every object, seen and unseen, here and in whatever lies beyond, is said to have genuinely departed, not merely gone quiet for a while. Several readings stress that this happens because the flaws in the desired objects are actually seen, so the thirst leaves on its own rather than being clamped down by will.

Śaṅkarācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Both marks must hold together for the word yukta to apply. Stillness in the Self without the corresponding loss of craving, or a reduction of craving without real inward rest, does not yet earn the name. The verse names one accomplished state seen from two angles, not two separate achievements that could arrive independently.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī

The verse functions as a threshold within the chapter's argument. It marks the moment where the earlier instructions on seat, posture, and steady practice stop being preparation and become the settled condition they were preparing you for, a condition the following verses will go on to describe and picture, most famously as a lamp that does not flicker in a windless place.

Śaṅkarācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī

Divergence

Advaita Vedānta

Shankara and Madhusudana read 'rests in the Self alone' as the mind's return to its own true substrate, which is pure consciousness itself. Madhusudana gives this a technical edge: the inner instrument, cleared of agitation and dullness, stands revealed as the conscious power alone, unmixed with anything not-self, once every movement has been stilled; the Self was never in motion to begin with, so nothing is lost when the mind's motion ceases. 'Alone' carries the sense of non-duality, all-Self-ness, with nothing left over to want.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Viśiṣṭādvaita

Ramanuja's extant comment on this verse is brief, but it gives a clear order of dependence: the mind is fixed, unmoving, because nothing besides the Self any longer holds a higher purpose for it, and only on that basis does the freedom from every craving follow and earn the name yukta. The rest in the Self comes first, as the ground; the loss of craving is its consequence, not a separate discipline pursued alongside it.

Rāmānujācārya

Dvaita

Madhva's published word on this exact verse is a single line, that the mind comes to rest in the self, too brief to support a developed reading in his own voice. What can be said honestly is that his Dvaita framework, which holds a permanent real distinction between the finite self and the Lord, would resist any reading of this rest as merger or identity with the Supreme; later Dvaita sub-commentary makes that caution explicit, though that elaboration belongs to the sub-commentarial tradition rather than to this terse line itself.

Madhvācārya

Kashmir Śaiva

Abhinavagupta's surviving comment here is a single short remark, on the word 'when' as marking a precise threshold, and the observation that the yogin's mark is a mind fixed on the self, longing for nothing. On a Kashmir Shaiva reading more broadly, one would extend this, clearly as extrapolation beyond the fragment itself, to treat the resting as recognition of consciousness's own inherent freedom rather than absorption into a separate ground, so the stilling of craving would be the falling away of contraction rather than an act of suppression.

Ācārya Abhinavagupta

Bhakti

Sridhara frames the verse as the plain answer to a practitioner's real question: when does my yoga actually count as accomplished? He takes both marks, the inward stillness and the dried-up craving, at their ordinary sense, testable in one's own experience, and adds a practical note: when outward action is regulated by measured means, inner happiness expands on its own and the path of yoga opens easily, so the person of regulated activity comes to occupy the very seat of liberation.

Śrīdhara Svāmī

Modern

Read for a contemporary ear, Madhusudana's careful separation of the mind's movement from the Self's own ever-present being reframes the verse as a claim about attention rather than metaphysics first: what stops is the mind's restless movement toward objects, and the craving dries up because its causes, the perceived worth of those objects, have genuinely been seen through, not because desire has been willed away by force.

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

A Seeker Asks

How would I know, honestly, whether I have actually arrived at this settled state, or whether I am only telling myself a comforting story about my own stillness?

The verse gives you two independent checks, not one. Ask first whether your mind, left alone without a task, tends to settle rather than wander outward toward objects. Ask second whether your ordinary cravings, for particular foods, approval, outcomes, have actually gone quiet rather than merely gone unexpressed. Both must be true together; either alone is not yet the state the verse names.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī

Watch, in particular, for the difference between craving suppressed and craving that has genuinely dried up. Suppressed craving still pulls at you privately even while your outward behavior looks calm. What this verse describes is craving that has lost its grip because you have actually seen through what the object promised and could not deliver, not craving you are simply refusing to act on.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

And be honest that this is named as a threshold, not a permanent guarantee. The word 'when' marks a real arrival, but nothing in the verse claims the state cannot recede. Rather than searching for a final, unshakeable verdict on yourself, treat the two marks as a running check you return to, again and again, in ordinary practice.

Ācārya Abhinavagupta · Śrīdhara Svāmī

Contemplation

Notice, this week, one moment when a craving simply was not there rather than being suppressed. Do not manufacture the moment; only notice it when it arrives on its own, perhaps right after you have seen clearly, even briefly, that the object you usually want could not actually give what you were asking of it. That seeing, not a effort of will, is the mechanism this verse is pointing to.

Sit with this · sonnet-5-authored

All the translations and commentary7 translations
Translationsthe verse re-voiced; tap a translator
The commentatorsthe schools expound the verse

Pull up a chair.

You have come to sit with this verse. When you are ready to hear the translators and the commentators in full, open a tradition in the doorways below, or add a voice by name above.

Also hear this verse, tradition by tradition.

Where this teaching echoesin the Haripath