StudyVedanta
Skip to the verse
V.6818.6718.69
Read slowly

To hand this teaching to those ready for it, in love, is itself the way home.

Krishna has just warned against giving this teaching to the unwilling. Now he turns to its counterpart: whoever, in supreme devotion, carries this highest secret to those given to Him, comes to Him, beyond doubt.

68Chapter 18
The verseSpoken by Krishna
Voices6 commentators · 5 schools · modern voices
The readingAbout 4 minutes, unhurried
य इमं परमं गुह्यं मद्भक्तेष्वभिधास्यति।भक्तिं मयि परां कृत्वा मामेवैष्यत्यसंशयः
ya idaṁ paramaṁ guhyaṁ mad-bhakteṣhv abhidhāsyati bhaktiṁ mayi parāṁ kṛitvā mām evaiṣhyaty asanśhayaḥ

Whoever, holding supreme devotion to me, teaches this highest secret to my devotees will come to me alone, without any doubt.

Bhagavad Gita 18.68
0:00 / 0:00

Saved for this reading session

Three movements · tap a label to switch

Sanskrit recitation by Swami Brahmānanda

Audio from the Gītā Supersite, IIT Kanpur

The reading read whole, as one unhurried piece

Where it stands

Krishna has just warned Arjuna against putting this teaching before those unwilling to receive it. Now he turns to the other side of that same instruction: what is earned by the one who carries it, rightly, to those who can.

The teaching

To pass this teaching on, in love, to those ready for it, is itself the way home.

The secret named here is this teaching itself, secret because its sense is not obvious on the surface, supreme because it leads all the way to the highest human end. To declare it is to set it before another whole, in its words and in its meaning, the way it has been set before you. It is to be given to devotees, those already turned toward the Lord in love, and where the sources speak to this directly, devotion by itself, without further qualification, is what makes a person fit to carry it forward. The declaring is not a separate good deed that devotion happens to accompany. Where the record is explicit, the declaring itself is the doing of supreme devotion, provided the inner posture is right: that this work is held as service to the Lord, the unfallen teacher, wanted for no gain of one's own. What follows is stated as a plain and certain consequence. Such a teacher comes to the Lord alone, and this is without doubt, a certainty that covers both the outcome and the teacher's own state. One source on this page is silent. The published record states plainly that Madhva offers no comment on this verse, and that silence is left standing here rather than dressed up as a reading in his name.

The doubt that rises

Is the passing on of this teaching a path to God in its own right, complete in the act of giving, or only a kindness that helps another while one's own arrival still waits on something further?

Where the paths divide

Advaita Vedanta

Read through the doubled word devotion as a technical claim.

Shankara and Madhusudana both press on the repetition of the word devotion in this verse: it names devotion, held by itself, as sufficient qualification to carry this treatise forward, even absent the austerity, faith, and willingness to hear named just before. Madhusudana adds that the teacher here is one who becomes a founder of a tradition of transmission, and specifies the required inner posture, devotion to the Lord made supreme, the act held as service to the unfallen teacher. Coming to the Lord is read by both as liberation itself, arriving swiftly and without further stage.

Vishishtadvaita

Read as a brief, direct confirmation, not an extended argument.

Ramanuja's surviving words for this verse are few: someone will tell this supreme secret among the Lord's devotees, and by that telling makes the highest devotion, and comes to Him alone without doubt. The telling itself is the doing of devotion. Given how compact the source is, this reading is held to exactly what it says, a plain confirmation stated with his usual directness, rather than expanded with argument he does not supply here.

Dvaita

Read as an honest silence, not filled in.

The published record is explicit that Madhva offers no comment on this verse. No reading is manufactured in his name here. What can honestly be said is only a clearly-labeled possibility: on a Dvaita reading consistent with his teaching elsewhere, the promise here would likely be read through his axis of dependence, the teacher's fitness and the fruit both granted and sustained by the Lord's will. This remains speculation about a reading, not a report of his words.

Kashmir Shaivism

Read as a real command, per the surviving note, not developed further than it states.

Abhinavagupta's comment reads this line as bound to the theme of devotion, explicit that the declaring itself is the doing of devotion. He takes the verb will declare as carrying real force: facing the devotees and following the procedure scripture lays down, the one who places this teaching upon them attains the state of being made of the Lord. He is direct that this is a command, not mere praise. The fuller vocabulary of recognition and the freedom of consciousness that colors his readings elsewhere is not present in what survives here, so it is not attributed to him for this verse.

Bhakti

Read as the gentle companion to the verse just given, kept close to a brief source.

Sridhara reads this verse as paired with the one before it: where that one withholds the teaching from the unfit, this one shows that telling it to the fit is itself supreme devotion, carrying its own certainty of arrival. Being free of doubt, such a person comes only to the Lord, this is the sense he gives directly. His surviving note is a single compact paragraph, and this reading stays within that scope rather than extending past it.

Modern

Read close to the technical precision the fuller source supplies.

Drawing closest on Madhusudana's more developed comment, a modern-facing gloss reads the verse as naming exact conditions under which sharing a teaching becomes itself a spiritual act: the qualification is devotion, the posture is service without thought of gain, and the fruit is a stated consequence of getting the motive right, not a vague hope attached to any act of teaching whatsoever.

The sources that speak plainly agree that rightly-motivated teaching is itself devotion and carries the teacher home. They do not all say the same thing about what rightly-motivated means, and one source, Madhva, says nothing at all here. This page keeps that silence rather than resolving it, and leaves open whether the reward described is best read as liberation itself or as a certain and swift approach to it.

A question to carry

The next time you explain this teaching to someone, can you notice why you are speaking, and let the only aim be that they turn a little further toward what has turned you?

What you give so that another might draw nearer to what you love turns you in the same motion. Give it plainly, want nothing back from it, and trust that in the giving you, too, arrive.

Each school is voiced from the commentators named above. Their full words, every translation, and where the schools agree and differ wait in the reading desk just below. Open the commentary desk.

The verse before drew the boundary of who must never receive this teaching; here Krishna completes the thought, naming what is earned by whoever gives it rightly.

Where they agreethe convergence

Where the sources speak plainly, they agree: to teach this rightly, to the fit, in a spirit of service rather than gain, is not a separate merit alongside devotion. It is devotion, and it carries the teacher home.

Across schools and centuries the commentators come to the same ground. These are the points they share, and the voices that hold each one.

3schools

This supreme secret is the treatise itself, hidden because its sense runs deep, supreme because it leads to the highest end; the one praised is whoever hands it down whole, as it was given.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Madhusūdana · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 2 others’ words

Krishna turns from the warning just given, that this teaching must never reach the unfit, to its counterpart: the reward earned by whoever passes it on to the right hearers. The supreme secret named here is the Gita itself, secret because its meaning lies hidden, supreme because it is the very means to liberation, and the one praised is whoever establishes it among hearers in its words and its sense, the way it has been set in Arjuna.

Asked in question 2, below
2schools

Give it where it can be received, among those already devoted; devotion by itself is the true qualification, sufficient even where other traits are still lacking.

Across Advaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Madhusūdana · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara, Madhusūdana, and 1 others’ words

The teaching must go specifically to My devotees. The repeated word devotion is read, where the source supports it, as more than ornamental: it names devotion by itself as the true qualification, so that even one lacking the austerity, faith, and willingness to hear named in the previous verse becomes fit to receive and carry this treatise forward through devotion alone.

3schools

The telling itself, where the sources are explicit, is named as the doing of supreme devotion, not a separate act that devotion happens to accompany.

Across Advaita, Kashmir Śaiva, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Madhusūdana · Abhinavagupta · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara, Madhusūdana, and 2 others’ words

The act of teaching the Gita is itself counted as the doing of supreme devotion to Krishna, not a separate merit that devotion happens to accompany. Where the source is explicit, the inner posture is named directly: the teacher should hold the thought that this very work is service to the Lord, the supreme and unfallen teacher.

Asked in question 3, below
3schools

The fruit is stated plainly and without condition: coming to the Lord alone, without doubt, in the same motion as the teaching reaches another.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Madhusūdana · Śrīdhara
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 2 others’ words

The fruit is stated as unconditional and certain: such a teacher comes to Krishna alone, without doubt. Where the sources develop it, coming to Krishna is glossed as liberation itself, the swift release from the round of birth and death, and the phrase without doubt is read as covering the outcome and the teacher's own state alike.

Asked in question 1, below
1school

Where a source is silent, as Madhva is here, that silence is kept honest rather than filled in with words not his own.

Across DvaitaMadhva
In Madhva’s words

One acarya on this page, Madhva, is silent: the published record states plainly that he offers no comment on this verse. That silence is preserved as silence here rather than filled in with an invented Dvaita reading presented as his own words.

This is the shared ground; it can be carried as it is. Below is where they differ.

Where they differthe divergence

The question they answer differently
Is the promise of this verse conditioned on qualifications like austerity and learning, or does devotion alone, held rightly in the act of teaching, make the giver fit and secure the fruit?
The traditional commentators
Advaita Vedāntasee this school across the GītāŚaṅkara, Madhusūdana
Devotion by itself, without the further qualifications named just before, makes a person fit to carry this scripture forward; coming to Krishna is read as liberation itself.
Where the doubled word devotion is read as a technical claim: bare devotion suffices.
Viśiṣṭādvaitasee this school across the GītāRāmānuja
The telling itself is the doing of supreme devotion; Ramanuja states this plainly and briefly, without extended argument.
For the source as it survives: direct and compact, not elaborated further.
Viśiṣṭādvaita, in their fuller words

Ramanuja's surviving comment here is brief and direct, without the extended argument he gives elsewhere: someone will tell this supreme secret among My devotees, and by that very telling makes the highest devotion to Me, and comes to Me alone without doubt. The telling is itself the doing of devotion, stated plainly rather than developed at length.

Rāmānuja
Dvaitasee this school across the GītāMadhva
The published record is silent; Madhva offers no comment on this verse, and none is invented in his name here.
Honest absence, held as absence rather than filled with an unattributed reading.
Dvaita, in their fuller words

The published record is explicit: Madhva offers no comment on this verse. No commentary is manufactured in his name here. A clearly-labeled extension, consistent with his teaching elsewhere but not his stated word for 18.68, would expect the promise to be read through his axis of dependence, the teacher's fitness and the fruit both granted and sustained by Hari's will rather than earned independently.

Madhva
Shaivasee this school across the GītāAbhinavagupta
This is a real command to teach, not mere praise; the one who bestows the teaching on the devotees by the prescribed procedure attains the state of being made of the Lord.
Read as an injunction binding the qualified teacher, per Abhinavagupta's surviving note.
Shaiva, in their fuller words

Abhinavagupta's surviving note reads this as a real command, not mere praise: facing the devotees and following the procedure scripture lays down, the one who places and bestows this teaching upon them attains the state of being made of Me. He is explicit that this is an injunction, and that the setting-out of the teaching is itself the doing of devotion. A further extension toward recognition and the freedom of consciousness would go beyond his surviving words and is not attributed to him here.

Abhinavagupta
BhaktiŚrīdhara
Telling this to fit hearers is itself supreme devotion, the gentle companion to the previous verse's warning against telling it to the unfit.
For a source that stays brief: one compact paragraph, read close to its own economy.
Bhakti, in their fuller words

Sridhara reads the verse as the gentle companion to the rule just given: where that one withholds the teaching from the unfit, this one shows that telling it to the fit is itself supreme devotion, carrying its own certainty of arrival. His surviving comment is a single compact paragraph, and the reading stays close to that economy rather than being expanded past it.

Śrīdhara
Modern voices teachers of the last two centuries, read together; they stand apart from the classical schools
A modern readingMadhusūdana
What decides whether teaching becomes a spiritual act is motive and qualification, devotion and service without thought of gain, not credential or learning.
Read close to the technical precision of the fuller source, stressing conditions over vague hope.
A modern reading, in their fuller words

Read close to the technical precision Madhusudana brings, a modern-facing gloss stresses the verse as naming the conditions under which handing on a teaching becomes itself a spiritual act: the qualification is devotion alone, the posture is service without any thought of gain, and the fruit follows as a stated consequence rather than a vague hope.

Madhusūdana
Sit with these

A few questions to carry

These ask for understanding, not recall; each answer is settled by the commentary itself.

1
What reward does Krishna name for the one who teaches this treatise to His devotees?
2
Who is this teaching to be given to, according to the verse?
3
How do Shankara and Madhusudana read the act of declaring this treatise to devotees?
4
If you want to share this teaching with someone, what does the verse suggest should shape how you do it?
5
What does this verse's placement, right after the warning against teaching the unfit, suggest about its purpose?
For a second sitting7 more questions
6
What does the published record say about Madhva's comment on this verse?
7
How does Abhinavagupta's surviving note characterize this verse?
8
How does Sridhara connect this verse to the one just before it?
9
Why is Ramanuja's comment on this verse treated briefly on this page?
10
What extension would go beyond Abhinavagupta's surviving words for this verse?
11
How is the phrase without doubt read where the sources develop it?
12
According to Madhusudana, what makes a person fit to carry this treatise forward even without austerity or prior learning?

Carry this with youwhat stays

Notice, before you next share what this teaching has given you, why you are about to speak. Not for credit, not to be seen as wise, not even for the relief of having explained something well, but so that whoever hears might turn a little further toward what you have turned toward. Let that be the whole of your aim, and let the telling itself be enough.

So when you pass on what has helped you, hold no thought of gain in it, only that another might turn a little further toward what freed you, and trust that in that turning you are carried too.

भक्तिं मयि परां कृत्वा मामेवैष्यत्यसंशयः।bhaktiṁ mayi parāṁ kṛitvā mām evaiṣhyaty asaṁśhayaḥ

Read deeper

Everything a full study holds, folded below.

Word by word14 terms
yaḥwhoidamthisparamammostguhyamconfidential knowledgemat-bhakteṣhuamongst my devoteesabhidhāsyatiteachesbhaktimgreatest act of lovemayito meparāmtranscendentalkṛitvādoingmāmto meevacertainlyeṣhyaticomesasanśhayaḥwithout doubt
All the commentary, woven togetherevery voice, in one place

The commentary, woven together

machine-assisted draft, pending review

Convergence

rishna turns from the warning just given, that this teaching must never reach the unfit, to its counterpart: the reward earned by whoever passes it on to the right hearers. The supreme secret named here is the Gita itself, secret because its meaning lies hidden, supreme because it is the very means to liberation, and the one praised is whoever establishes it among hearers in its words and its sense, the way it has been set in Arjuna.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Śrīdhara Svāmī

The teaching must go specifically to My devotees. The repeated word devotion is read, where the source supports it, as more than ornamental: it names devotion by itself as the true qualification, so that even one lacking the austerity, faith, and willingness to hear named in the previous verse becomes fit to receive and carry this treatise forward through devotion alone.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Śrīdhara Svāmī

The act of teaching the Gita is itself counted as the doing of supreme devotion to Krishna, not a separate merit that devotion happens to accompany. Where the source is explicit, the inner posture is named directly: the teacher should hold the thought that this very work is service to the Lord, the supreme and unfallen teacher.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Ācārya Abhinavagupta · Śrīdhara Svāmī

The fruit is stated as unconditional and certain: such a teacher comes to Krishna alone, without doubt. Where the sources develop it, coming to Krishna is glossed as liberation itself, the swift release from the round of birth and death, and the phrase without doubt is read as covering the outcome and the teacher's own state alike.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Śrīdhara Svāmī

One acarya on this page, Madhva, is silent: the published record states plainly that he offers no comment on this verse. That silence is preserved as silence here rather than filled in with an invented Dvaita reading presented as his own words.

Madhvācārya

Divergence

Advaita Vedānta

Both readers press the doubled word devotion into a technical claim: devotion by itself, without the further qualifications named in the previous verse, makes a person fit to carry this scripture forward. Madhusudana widens this into a fuller account of who the teacher is, a founder of a tradition of transmission, and specifies the inner posture required, devotion to the Lord made supreme, the work held as service to the unfallen teacher. Coming to Krishna is read by both as liberation itself.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Viśiṣṭādvaita

Ramanuja's surviving comment here is brief and direct, without the extended argument he gives elsewhere: someone will tell this supreme secret among My devotees, and by that very telling makes the highest devotion to Me, and comes to Me alone without doubt. The telling is itself the doing of devotion, stated plainly rather than developed at length.

Rāmānujācārya

Dvaita

The published record is explicit: Madhva offers no comment on this verse. No commentary is manufactured in his name here. A clearly-labeled extension, consistent with his teaching elsewhere but not his stated word for 18.68, would expect the promise to be read through his axis of dependence, the teacher's fitness and the fruit both granted and sustained by Hari's will rather than earned independently.

Madhvācārya

Kashmir Śaiva

Abhinavagupta's surviving note reads this as a real command, not mere praise: facing the devotees and following the procedure scripture lays down, the one who places and bestows this teaching upon them attains the state of being made of Me. He is explicit that this is an injunction, and that the setting-out of the teaching is itself the doing of devotion. A further extension toward recognition and the freedom of consciousness would go beyond his surviving words and is not attributed to him here.

Ācārya Abhinavagupta

Bhakti

Sridhara reads the verse as the gentle companion to the rule just given: where that one withholds the teaching from the unfit, this one shows that telling it to the fit is itself supreme devotion, carrying its own certainty of arrival. His surviving comment is a single compact paragraph, and the reading stays close to that economy rather than being expanded past it.

Śrīdhara Svāmī

Modern

Read close to the technical precision Madhusudana brings, a modern-facing gloss stresses the verse as naming the conditions under which handing on a teaching becomes itself a spiritual act: the qualification is devotion alone, the posture is service without any thought of gain, and the fruit follows as a stated consequence rather than a vague hope.

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

A Seeker Asks

Is teaching or sharing this scripture really a path to God in its own right, or just a good deed that helps others while leaving my own liberation untouched?

Where the sources are explicit, they are clear that the teaching is not a kindness alongside devotion but devotion itself. Shankara and Madhusudana both read the very act of declaring the treatise to devotees as supreme devotion in itself, not as a separate merit earned for a good deed done.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

What decides this, where the record speaks to it, is the motive held while teaching. The posture named is service to the Lord, held without any thought of gain, so that devotion may arise in another; speaking with that single aim is itself the highest devotion, not a means toward it.

Śaṅkarācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Śrīdhara Svāmī

The reward stated is not partial or deferred. Coming to Krishna alone, without doubt, is read as liberation itself, arriving for the teacher in the same motion as the teaching reaches the one taught. Where a source is silent, as Madhva is here, that silence is left standing rather than resolved by invention.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Contemplation

Notice, before you next share what this teaching has given you, why you are about to speak. Not for credit, not to be seen as wise, not even for the relief of having explained something well, but so that whoever hears might turn a little further toward what you have turned toward. Let that be the whole of your aim, and let the telling itself be enough.

Sit with this · sonnet-5-authored

All the translations and commentary7 translations
Translationsthe verse re-voiced; tap a translator
The commentatorsthe schools expound the verse

Pull up a chair.

You have come to sit with this verse. When you are ready to hear the translators and the commentators in full, open a tradition in the doorways below, or add a voice by name above.

Also hear this verse, tradition by tradition.

Where this teaching echoesin the Haripath