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V.79.69.8
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Even the ending of a world returns you to his keeping, not to nothing.

It is tempting to hear a verse about cosmic dissolution as remote, a matter for the end of ages rather than for today. Read closely, it names something nearer: whatever in you feels like it is ending was never, even then, outside his hand.

7Chapter 9
The verseSpoken by Krishna
Voices6 commentators · 5 schools · modern voices
The readingAbout 4 minutes, unhurried
सर्वभूतानि कौन्तेय प्रकृतिं यान्ति मामिकाम्। कल्पक्षये पुनस्तानि कल्पादौ विसृजाम्यहम्
sarva-bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛitiṁ yānti māmikām kalpa-kṣhaye punas tāni kalpādau visṛijāmyaham

At the end of a cosmic age, Arjuna, every being returns into my own nature and rests there unmanifest. At the start of the next age I send them all forth again.

Bhagavad Gita 9.7
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Sanskrit recitation by Swami Brahmānanda

Audio from the Gītā Supersite, IIT Kanpur

The reading read whole, as one unhurried piece

Where it stands

You have just heard that all beings rest in Krishna as the wind rests in space, unattached to what it moves through. So a question follows naturally: what becomes of those beings when the world itself ends? This verse turns to answer exactly that, tracing the great wheel of dissolution and creation back to a single hand.

The teaching

At the end of an age, everything returns to him; at the next dawn, he sends it forth again.

When a cosmic age closes, every being without exception, moving and unmoving alike, returns into Krishna's own nature and rests there, unmanifest, not yet divided into name and form. This is not annihilation. Shankara is careful to specify which nature receives them: the lower one, woven of the three qualities, distinct from the Lord's own essence, so that rest here is never mistaken for union with him. Ramanuja goes further, reading this nature as the Lord's own inseparable body, anchored in scriptural language about the Lord whose body the unmanifest is. Whichever way the relation is drawn, mere resting place or actual body, the beings never stand outside his keeping, even in this darkest, least differentiated state. Then, at the dawn of the next age, he sends them all forth again, by his will alone. Sridhara reads this through the same maya, the power of wonder, that let the Lord sustain the world unattached in the verse just before; Madhusudana reads it as completing a three-part argument, the Lord's non-attachment now shown across arising, continuing, and dissolving alike. It is worth saying plainly that the six voices gathered here do not speak with equal fullness on this exact verse. Shankara, Ramanuja, Sridhara, and Madhusudana leave sustained readings. Madhva leaves a single sentence naming the verse as a display of knowledge for its own sake. Abhinavagupta leaves a single clause, that the nature here is of unmanifest form. Where the record is this thin, filling in a fuller doctrine and presenting it as their own confident word would be a disservice to them and to you; better to hold the gap honestly and note only what a wider reading of their schools would plausibly extend toward.

The doubt that rises

If everything eventually dissolves and is sent forth again, does anything of who you are actually persist, or matter, across that turning? And when the sources themselves fall silent, as they do here for two of the six voices, what is left to say honestly rather than merely fill the space?

Where the paths divide

Advaita Vedanta

Read through Shankara's own brief but precise gloss.

The nature you return to is the lower prakriti, made of the three qualities, and Shankara adds a short qualifying note: so, marked by ignorance. What cycles through dissolution and re-creation is the self still under avidya, not the liberated. Rest here is sleep in conditioning, never union with the Lord's own being, and the comment stays close to this single point rather than developing into the fuller maya-and-magician picture later Advaitins built on this ground.

Vishishtadvaita

Read through Ramanuja's citation of Manu and revealed scripture.

Prakriti here is the Lord's own body. At the age's close, by his will, beings pass into this nature, named darkness in scripture, unfit yet for the division into name and form. Ramanuja anchors this in Manu's line, this was darkness-become, and in revealed descriptions of the Lord whose body the unmanifest is. Through the whole cycle beings remain his body, never independent, even in their most undifferentiated state.

Dvaita

Read through the one sentence that survives from Madhva on this verse.

What is recorded is brief: to display this knowledge, Krishna unfolds the dissolution and the rest. The verse is read as showing the Lord's own causality as knowledge in itself, not as proof of an earlier claim. Anything fuller about dependent selves and an eternally distinct material nature belongs to the wider Dvaita system, not to Madhva's own attested word here, and should be held as an extension, clearly marked, rather than as his voice.

Kashmir Shaivism

Read through Abhinavagupta's single surviving clause.

The extant gloss says only this: sarvani, all, is comprehensive, and prakriti here is of unmanifest form. On a Kashmir Shaiva reading extending this thin base, one might say the unmanifest is a phase of the same self-aware light, held in latency the way a wave rests before it rises, rather than inert matter set against consciousness. But this extension is clearly not his recorded word on 9.7, only a labeled possibility offered because the actual text gives almost nothing to build on.

Bhakti

Read through Sridhara's continuous maya-argument.

Sridhara reads this verse as a second movement following the one before it: having shown that the Lord stands unattached while sustaining all things by his power of wonder, he now shows that by the same power he makes the worlds and unmakes them. At the age's end, beings melt back into that wondrous play; at its dawn, he sends them forth again, each in its own distinct form. The whole cycle stays personal and devotional, never a bare mechanism.

Modern

Read through Madhusudana's completed three-part argument.

Madhusudana treats this verse as finishing what earlier verses began: the Lord's non-attachment was already shown at the times of arising and of continuing, and is now shown at dissolution too. Prakriti is glossed exactly as the power of illusion made of the three qualities, and the sending-forth is credited plainly to the all-knowing, all-powerful Lord, so that one agent, untouched throughout, covers the whole wheel from end to end.

All six readings agree the cycle belongs to the Lord and that nothing is truly lost in it. They differ sharply, though, in how much can honestly be said about what that means. Shankara, Ramanuja, Sridhara, and Madhusudana leave enough to trace real arguments. Madhva and Abhinavagupta leave only a line or a clause each on this exact verse, and this page keeps that thinness visible rather than smoothing it away. What the fuller Dvaita and Kashmir Shaiva pictures would add, if pressed, is offered only as a clearly labeled possibility, not as their settled word.

A question to carry

If even the end of a world folds back into his keeping rather than into nothing, what is it in your own life, right now, that you are afraid to let dissolve?

Whatever in you feels like it is ending, let it be rest in a keeping that was never separate from you, and trust that what is sent forth again will carry forward whatever in you is worth carrying.

Each school is voiced from the commentators named above. Their full words, every translation, and where the schools agree and differ wait in the reading desk just below. Open the commentary desk.

Krishna has just said all beings rest in him as the wind rests in space, unattached; here he answers what happens to those beings when the world itself closes and reopens.

Where they agreethe convergence

At the close of every cosmic age, beings return, without perishing, into the Lord's own nature, and at the next dawn he alone sends them forth again.

Across schools and centuries the commentators come to the same ground. These are the points they share, and the voices that hold each one.

4schools

Nothing is annihilated at dissolution; every being returns into the Lord's own nature and rests there unmanifest.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, Dvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Madhva · Śrīdhara · Madhusūdana
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 3 others’ words

This verse answers the question the previous one leaves open. Krishna has just said all beings rest in him as the wind rests in space, unattached. So what happens to them when the world itself ends? Here he answers directly: at the close of a kalpa, a vast cosmic age, every being without exception, moving and unmoving, returns into his own nature and rests there in unmanifest, latent form. Nothing is destroyed.

Asked in question 1, below
3schools

This resting nature is the lower one, woven of the three qualities, distinct from the Lord's own essence.

Across Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, BhaktiŚaṅkara · Rāmānuja · Śrīdhara · Madhusūdana
In Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja, and 2 others’ words

The nature the beings return to is specified as the lower nature, the one woven of the three gunas, sattva, rajas, tamas. Shankara and Madhusudana are both careful to mark this as distinct from the Lord's own higher essence, so that rest in prakriti is never mistaken for union with Brahman itself. The beings lie there undivided, not yet split into name and form.

2schools

The possessive 'my own' marks the whole cycle, withdrawal and renewal alike, as belonging to him, never to an independent power.

Across Viśiṣṭādvaita, AdvaitaRāmānuja · Madhusūdana · Śaṅkara
In Rāmānuja, Madhusūdana, and 1 others’ words

The possessive mamikam, my own, carries real weight across the readings. This nature is not an independent power running on its own account; it belongs to the Lord, depends on him, and is held by him. Ramanuja pushes this furthest by calling it his very body, but even the readings that stop short of that language agree the entire cycle of withdrawal and re-emission is his doing from start to finish.

Asked in question 3, below
3schools

At the next dawn the beings are sent forth again, by his will, exactly as before.

Across Bhakti, Advaita, ViśiṣṭādvaitaŚrīdhara · Madhusūdana · Rāmānuja
In Śrīdhara, Madhusūdana, and 1 others’ words

At the next dawn, the beings are sent forth again, exactly as before. The verb visrijami, I send forth, marks the Lord's direct agency in the renewal, just as the withdrawal was his. Sridhara and Madhusudana both stress that this sending-out is by the Lord's own power and will, not a mechanical rebound of dead matter.

2schools

Where the surviving commentary itself thins to a single line or clause, as with Madhva and Abhinavagupta on this exact verse, the honest reading holds that thinness openly rather than dressing it up as more than it is.

Across Dvaita, Kashmir ŚaivaMadhva · Abhinavagupta
In Madhva and Abhinavagupta’s words

The extant commentary is strikingly uneven across the six voices: Shankara and Ramanuja give sustained readings, Sridhara and Madhusudana build careful arguments, while Madhva and Abhinavagupta leave only a single sentence or clause each. This unevenness is itself worth noting, since it means the fuller doctrinal pictures for Dvaita and Kashmir Shaivism on this exact verse must be read as thinner and more provisional than the other four.

This is the shared ground; it can be carried as it is. Below is where they differ.

Where they differthe divergence

The question they answer differently
Is the nature that beings dissolve into and rise from the Lord's own body, his power of illusion, or a bare unmanifest condition that the sparse surviving comments leave largely undescribed?
The traditional commentators
Advaita Vedāntasee this school across the GītāŚaṅkara
Beings marked by ignorance return into the lower, three-gunaed nature, carefully distinct from the Lord's own essence.
Shankara's own comment, brief but precise, with a qualifying note on who cycles through this.
Asked in question 2, below
Viśiṣṭādvaitasee this school across the GītāRāmānuja
The nature is the Lord's own inseparable body, the scriptural darkness in which name and form have not yet parted.
Anchored explicitly in cited Vedic and Smriti authority.
Viśiṣṭādvaita, in their fuller words

Ramanuja reads prakriti as the Lord's own body, anchoring the claim in cited scripture: Manu's darkness-become, and revealed texts on the Lord whose body the unmanifest is. Beings pass into this nature by his will and remain his body, established in him, through the whole span of dissolution and re-creation, never independent substances even in their most undifferentiated state.

Rāmānuja
Dvaitasee this school across the GītāMadhva
The one surviving line frames the verse as displaying knowledge of the Lord's causality for its own sake, not as proof of an earlier claim.
Only a single sentence survives; fuller doctrine is not Madhva's recorded word here.
Dvaita, in their fuller words

The one sentence extant from Madhva treats this verse as showing knowledge for its own sake, Krishna unfolding dissolution and re-creation to display who causes it, rather than proving the chapter's earlier claim. Beyond this bare note, the source is silent; any fuller picture of dependent selves and an eternally distinct prakriti would have to be drawn from the wider Dvaita system, not from Madhva's own recorded word here, and is flagged as such rather than asserted as his voice.

Madhva
Kashmir Śaivasee this school across the GītāAbhinavagupta
The extant gloss names only the unmanifest condition of nature; any fuller Shaiva reading is a labeled extrapolation, not his recorded word.
The surviving fragment is a single clause and should be treated as thin.
BhaktiŚrīdhara
Dissolution and creation alike are workings of the Lord's own maya, his personal power of wonder, not an impersonal mechanism.
Read as continuous with the unattached-support teaching of the verse just before.
Bhakti, in their fuller words

Sridhara reads the whole cycle through the Lord's maya, his power of wonder: by that same power he both sustains the world unattached and, at the age's end, gathers it back into himself, then sends it forth again at the next dawn. The register stays devotional throughout, dissolution and creation alike are workings of the one adored being, not an impersonal mechanism.

Śrīdhara
Asked in question 4, below
Modern voices teachers of the last two centuries, read together; they stand apart from the classical schools
A modern readingMadhusūdana
One unattached, all-knowing agent is shown covering all three phases, arising, continuing, and dissolving, under a single principle.
Read as the completion of a three-part argument spanning several verses.
A modern reading, in their fuller words

Madhusudana frames the verse as completing a three-part argument: the Lord's non-attachment already shown at the moments of arising and of continuing is now shown at dissolution too. Prakriti is glossed precisely as the power of illusion made of the three qualities, and the closing return, bringing out by division what had gone into non-division, is credited explicitly to the all-knowing, all-powerful Lord, unifying the whole cycle under one agent.

Madhusūdana
Sit with these

A few questions to carry

These ask for understanding, not recall; each answer is settled by the commentary itself.

1
When a cosmic age closes, what does this verse say happens to all beings?
2
Shankara specifies which nature the beings return to. Which is it?
3
What does the word 'mamikam', my own, emphasize about this nature?
4
Through what power does Sridhara say the Lord both sustains the world and dissolves and re-creates it?
For a second sitting8 more questions
5
How does Ramanuja anchor his reading that prakriti is the Lord's own body?
6
What does the single surviving sentence attributed to Madhva say this verse is doing?
7
How much of Abhinavagupta's comment on this exact verse survives?
8
According to Madhusudana, what three phases does the Lord's non-attachment now cover, once this verse is added?
9
What quiet distinction does Shankara's added phrase, 'marked by ignorance,' protect?
10
Why does the unevenness in the surviving commentary across the six voices matter for how this page should be read?
11
If dissolution does not destroy you, what practical reorientation does the contemplative close suggest?
12
What answer does the page give to the worry that the whole birth-and-dissolution cycle makes the self feel like a meaningless churn?

Carry this with youwhat stays

Sit for a moment with the thought that even the ending of a world does not put you outside the Lord's keeping. Whatever in your life feels like it is dissolving right now, a plan, a relationship, a season of work, try holding it the way this verse holds the whole cosmos: not as loss into nothing, but as a folding back into a nature that was never separate from what holds it. Let that steady your breath before you turn back to what the day still asks of you.

So when something in your own life folds back into rest, let it be rest in his keeping, not an ending you must fear.

सर्वभूतानि कौन्तेय प्रकृतिं यान्ति मामिकाम्।sarva-bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṁ yānti māmikām

Read deeper

Everything a full study holds, folded below.

Word by word11 terms
sarva-bhūtāniall living beingskaunteyaArjun, the son of Kuntiprakṛitimprimordial material energyyāntimergemāmikāmmykalpa-kṣhayeat the end of a kalpapunaḥagaintānithemkalpa-ādauat the beginning of a kalpavisṛijāmimanifestahamI
All the commentary, woven togetherevery voice, in one place

The commentary, woven together

machine-assisted draft, pending review

Convergence

his verse answers the question the previous one leaves open. Krishna has just said all beings rest in him as the wind rests in space, unattached. So what happens to them when the world itself ends? Here he answers directly: at the close of a kalpa, a vast cosmic age, every being without exception, moving and unmoving, returns into his own nature and rests there in unmanifest, latent form. Nothing is destroyed.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Madhvācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

The nature the beings return to is specified as the lower nature, the one woven of the three gunas, sattva, rajas, tamas. Shankara and Madhusudana are both careful to mark this as distinct from the Lord's own higher essence, so that rest in prakriti is never mistaken for union with Brahman itself. The beings lie there undivided, not yet split into name and form.

Śaṅkarācārya · Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

The possessive mamikam, my own, carries real weight across the readings. This nature is not an independent power running on its own account; it belongs to the Lord, depends on him, and is held by him. Ramanuja pushes this furthest by calling it his very body, but even the readings that stop short of that language agree the entire cycle of withdrawal and re-emission is his doing from start to finish.

Rāmānujācārya · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Śaṅkarācārya

At the next dawn, the beings are sent forth again, exactly as before. The verb visrijami, I send forth, marks the Lord's direct agency in the renewal, just as the withdrawal was his. Sridhara and Madhusudana both stress that this sending-out is by the Lord's own power and will, not a mechanical rebound of dead matter.

Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī · Rāmānujācārya

The extant commentary is strikingly uneven across the six voices: Shankara and Ramanuja give sustained readings, Sridhara and Madhusudana build careful arguments, while Madhva and Abhinavagupta leave only a single sentence or clause each. This unevenness is itself worth noting, since it means the fuller doctrinal pictures for Dvaita and Kashmir Shaivism on this exact verse must be read as thinner and more provisional than the other four.

Madhvācārya · Ācārya Abhinavagupta

Divergence

Advaita Vedānta

Shankara reads the nature beings return to as the lower prakriti, carefully distinguished from Brahman, and adds the qualifying note so, marked by ignorance, meaning the beings who cycle through dissolution and re-creation are those still under avidya, not the liberated. The comment is brief but doctrinally exact: rest in prakriti is sleep in conditioning, never union with the Lord's own essence.

Śaṅkarācārya

Viśiṣṭādvaita

Ramanuja reads prakriti as the Lord's own body, anchoring the claim in cited scripture: Manu's darkness-become, and revealed texts on the Lord whose body the unmanifest is. Beings pass into this nature by his will and remain his body, established in him, through the whole span of dissolution and re-creation, never independent substances even in their most undifferentiated state.

Rāmānujācārya

Dvaita

The one sentence extant from Madhva treats this verse as showing knowledge for its own sake, Krishna unfolding dissolution and re-creation to display who causes it, rather than proving the chapter's earlier claim. Beyond this bare note, the source is silent; any fuller picture of dependent selves and an eternally distinct prakriti would have to be drawn from the wider Dvaita system, not from Madhva's own recorded word here, and is flagged as such rather than asserted as his voice.

Madhvācārya

Kashmir Śaiva

What survives from Abhinavagupta is a fragment: sarvani read as comprehensive, and prakriti glossed only as of unmanifest form. On a Kashmir Shaiva reading extending this thin base, one might say the unmanifest is a phase of the same self-aware light rather than inert matter opposed to consciousness, but this extension is clearly not his recorded word on 9.7 and is offered only as a labeled possibility, since the actual text gives almost nothing to build on.

Ācārya Abhinavagupta

Bhakti

Sridhara reads the whole cycle through the Lord's maya, his power of wonder: by that same power he both sustains the world unattached and, at the age's end, gathers it back into himself, then sends it forth again at the next dawn. The register stays devotional throughout, dissolution and creation alike are workings of the one adored being, not an impersonal mechanism.

Śrīdhara Svāmī

Modern

Madhusudana frames the verse as completing a three-part argument: the Lord's non-attachment already shown at the moments of arising and of continuing is now shown at dissolution too. Prakriti is glossed precisely as the power of illusion made of the three qualities, and the closing return, bringing out by division what had gone into non-division, is credited explicitly to the all-knowing, all-powerful Lord, unifying the whole cycle under one agent.

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

A Seeker Asks

If everything I am eventually dissolves back into nature and gets sent out again, does anything of me actually matter, or is the whole cycle just an impersonal churn I happen to be caught in?

Every reading insists the cycle is not impersonal. Ramanuja calls the resting nature the Lord's own body; Sridhara and Madhusudana both credit the withdrawal and the sending-forth to his own will and power. Whatever the dissolution is, it is not a machine running without an owner.

Rāmānujācārya · Śrīdhara Svāmī · Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Shankara's qualifying note, marked by ignorance, points a way through the worry rather than around it: what cycles through dissolution and re-creation is the conditioned self, not whatever in you is capable of recognizing its own rest in the Lord. That recognition is precisely what the chapter is building toward, and it is not touched by the cycle in the same way.

Śaṅkarācārya

Even where the surviving commentary is thinnest, as with Madhva and Abhinavagupta, what little remains still frames the verse as revealing something, either the Lord's causality shown as knowledge, or the self's abiding in an unmanifest ground, rather than as a bare description of churn for its own sake. The point of naming the cycle is always to show you something about what holds it.

Madhvācārya · Ācārya Abhinavagupta

Contemplation

Sit for a moment with the thought that even the ending of a world does not put you outside the Lord's keeping. Whatever in your life feels like it is dissolving right now, a plan, a relationship, a season of work, try holding it the way this verse holds the whole cosmos: not as loss into nothing, but as a folding back into a nature that was never separate from what holds it. Let that steady your breath before you turn back to what the day still asks of you.

Sit with this · sonnet-5-authored

All the translations and commentary7 translations
Translationsthe verse re-voiced; tap a translator
The commentatorsthe schools expound the verse

Pull up a chair.

You have come to sit with this verse. When you are ready to hear the translators and the commentators in full, open a tradition in the doorways below, or add a voice by name above.

Also hear this verse, tradition by tradition.

Where this teaching echoesin the Haripath