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Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣadबृहदारण्यक उपनिषद्

Yajnavalkya Kanda. Adhyaya 4, Brahmana 5. Yajnavalkya and Maitreyi, again

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Each mantra is given four ways: the Sanskrit in its Devanagari script, the same sounds in Roman letters, an English translation set in our own voice, and then the line once more in plain words, for a first and unhurried reading.

Not every passage is opened to the same depth. A few central mantras carry the full cross-school commentary, where the schools are set side by side. The rest are kept here whole and faithful, set in their place but not expounded, so the book stays entire and nothing is dropped for being thought minor.

Where the schools read a line differently, the difference is kept open. None is crowned and none is corrected. Each is met on its own terms, and where they contradict, the contradiction is left standing for you to sit with.

॥ 4.5.6 ॥

For the sake of the Self

स होवाच । न वा अरे पत्युः कामाय पतिः प्रियो भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पतिः प्रियो भवति । न वा अरे जायायै कामाय जाया प्रिया भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय जाया प्रिया भवति । न वा अरे पुत्राणां कामाय पुत्राः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पुत्राः प्रिया भवन्ति । न वा अरे वित्तस्य कामाय वित्तं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय वित्तं प्रियं भवति । न वा अरे पशूनां कामाय पशवः प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय पशवः प्रियं भवति । न वा अरे ब्रह्मणः कामाय ब्रह्म प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय ब्रह्म प्रियं भवति । न वा अरे क्षत्रस्य कामाय क्षत्रं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय क्षत्रं प्रियं भवति । न वा अरे लोकानां कामाय लोकाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय लोकाः प्रिया भवन्ति । न वा अरे देवानां कामाय देवाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय देवाः प्रिया भवन्ति । न वा अरे वेदानां कामाय वेदाः प्रिया भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय वेदाः प्रिया भवन्ति । न वा अरे भूतानां कामाय भूतानि प्रियाणि भवन्त्यात्मनस्तु कामाय भूतानि प्रियाणि भवन्ति । न वा अरे सर्वस्य कामाय सर्वं प्रियं भवत्यात्मनस्तु कामाय सर्वं प्रियं भवति । आत्मा वा अरे द्रष्टव्यः श्रोतव्यो मन्तव्यो निदिध्यासितव्यो मैत्रेयि । आत्मनि खल्वरे दृष्टे श्रुते मते विज्ञात इदं सर्वं विदितम्
In transliteration
sa hovāca | na vā are patyuḥ kāmāya patiḥ priyo bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya patiḥ priyo bhavati | na vā are jāyāyai kāmāya jāyā priyā bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya jāyā priyā bhavati | na vā are putrāṇāṃ kāmāya putrāḥ priyā bhavantyātmanastu kāmāya putrāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are vittasya kāmāya vittaṃ priyaṃ bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya vittaṃ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are paśūnāṃ kāmāya paśavaḥ priyaṃ bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya paśavaḥ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are brahmaṇaḥ kāmāya brahma priyaṃ bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya brahma priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are kṣatrasya kāmāya kṣatraṃ priyaṃ bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya kṣatraṃ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are lokānāṃ kāmāya lokāḥ priyā bhavantyātmanastu kāmāya lokāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are devānāṃ kāmāya devāḥ priyā bhavantyātmanastu kāmāya devāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are vedānāṃ kāmāya vedāḥ priyā bhavantyātmanastu kāmāya vedāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are bhūtānāṃ kāmāya bhūtāni priyāṇi bhavantyātmanastu kāmāya bhūtāni priyāṇi bhavanti | na vā are sarvasya kāmāya sarvaṃ priyaṃ bhavatyātmanastu kāmāya sarvaṃ priyaṃ bhavati | ātmā vā are draṣṭavyaḥ śrotavyo mantavyo nididhyāsitavyo maitreyi | ātmani khalvare dṛṣṭe śrute mate vijñāta idaṃ sarvaṃ viditam

In English

He said: Not for the husband's sake is the husband dear, but for the sake of the Self the husband is dear. Not for the wife's sake is the wife dear, but for the sake of the Self the wife is dear. Not for the sons' sake are the sons dear, but for the sake of the Self the sons are dear. Not for wealth's sake is wealth dear, but for the sake of the Self wealth is dear. Not for the cattle's sake are the cattle dear, but for the sake of the Self the cattle are dear. Not for the Brahmin's sake is the Brahmin dear, but for the sake of the Self the Brahmin is dear. Not for the Kshatriya's sake is the Kshatriya dear, but for the sake of the Self the Kshatriya is dear. Not for the worlds' sake are the worlds dear, but for the sake of the Self the worlds are dear. Not for the gods' sake are the gods dear, but for the sake of the Self the gods are dear. Not for the Vedas' sake are the Vedas dear, but for the sake of the Self the Vedas are dear. Not for the creatures' sake are the creatures dear, but for the sake of the Self the creatures are dear. Not for the sake of all is all dear, but for the sake of the Self all is dear. The Self, Maitreyi, is what must be seen, what must be heard, what must be reflected upon, what must be deeply contemplated. When the Self is seen, heard, reflected upon, and known, then all this is known.

In plain words

He said: A husband is not dear for the husband's own sake; he is dear for the sake of the Self. A wife is not dear for the wife's own sake; she is dear for the sake of the Self. And so it runs through sons, wealth, cattle, the Brahmin, the Kshatriya, the worlds, the gods, the Vedas, the creatures: none of these is loved for its own sake, but each is loved for the sake of the Self. So it is the Self that should be seen, heard, reflected upon, and deeply contemplated (sravana, manana, nididhyasana). When the Self has been realized in this way, everything is known, because the Self is the inmost reality of all.

In the commentaries

Sri SankaraAdvaita

Sankara takes this as the heart of the teaching: every object of love is dear only because the Self, the dearest, shines through it, so the Self alone is to be realized through hearing, reflection, and deep meditation, and in knowing It all is known.

Sri Sankara, Brhadaranyaka-bhasya 4.5.6 (via Madhavananda)