StudyVedanta
Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣadबृहदारण्यक उपनिषद्

Yajnavalkya Kanda. Adhyaya 4, Brahmana 5. Yajnavalkya and Maitreyi, again

New to these pages?

Each mantra is given four ways: the Sanskrit in its Devanagari script, the same sounds in Roman letters, an English translation set in our own voice, and then the line once more in plain words, for a first and unhurried reading.

Not every passage is opened to the same depth. A few central mantras carry the full cross-school commentary, where the schools are set side by side. The rest are kept here whole and faithful, set in their place but not expounded, so the book stays entire and nothing is dropped for being thought minor.

Where the schools read a line differently, the difference is kept open. None is crowned and none is corrected. Each is met on its own terms, and where they contradict, the contradiction is left standing for you to sit with.

॥ 4.5.3 ॥

Wealth buys no immortality

सा होवाच मैत्रेयी यन्नु म इयं भगोः सर्वा पृथिवी वित्तेन पूर्णा स्यात्स्यां न्वहं तेनामृताहो३ नेति । नेति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यः । यथैवोपकरणवतां जीवितम् । तथैव ते जीवितं स्यात् । अमृतत्वस्य तु नाशास्ति वित्तेनेति
In transliteration
sā hovāca maitreyī yannu ma iyaṃ bhagoḥ sarvā pṛthivī vittena pūrṇā syātsyāṃ nvahaṃ tenāmṛtāho3 neti | neti hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ | yathaivopakaraṇavatāṃ jīvitam | tathaiva te jīvitaṃ syāt | amṛtatvasya tu nāśāsti vitteneti

In English

Then Maitreyi said, "Sir, if indeed this whole earth, filled with wealth, were mine, would I be immortal through it, or not?" "No," said Yajnavalkya. "Your life would be just like the life of those who have many possessions. But there is no hope of immortality through wealth."

In plain words

Maitreyi asked, "Sir, if this whole earth, full of wealth, belonged to me, would I become immortal through it?" Yajnavalkya answered, "No. Your life would simply be like the life of the well-to-do. There is no hope of immortality (amrtatva) through wealth."

In the commentaries

Sri SankaraAdvaita

Sankara takes this to establish that wealth belongs to the order of means and ritual, and can never purchase immortality; immortality comes only from the knowledge of the Self.

Sri Sankara, Brhadaranyaka-bhasya 4.5.3 (via Madhavananda)