StudyVedanta
Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣadबृहदारण्यक उपनिषद्

Yajnavalkya Kanda. Adhyaya 4, Brahmana 3. The self-luminous Self: waking, dream, and the light of man

New to these pages?

Each mantra is given four ways: the Sanskrit in its Devanagari script, the same sounds in Roman letters, an English translation set in our own voice, and then the line once more in plain words, for a first and unhurried reading.

Not every passage is opened to the same depth. A few central mantras carry the full cross-school commentary, where the schools are set side by side. The rest are kept here whole and faithful, set in their place but not expounded, so the book stays entire and nothing is dropped for being thought minor.

Where the schools read a line differently, the difference is kept open. None is crowned and none is corrected. Each is met on its own terms, and where they contradict, the contradiction is left standing for you to sit with.

॥ 4.3.19 ॥

The hawk folding its wings

तद्यथास्मिन्नाकाशे श्येनो वा सुपर्णो वा विपरिपत्य श्रान्तः संहत्य पक्षौ संलयायैव ध्रियते । एवमेवायं पुरुष एतस्मा अन्ताय धावति । यत्र सुप्तो न कं चन कामं कामयते न कं चन स्वप्नं पश्यति ॥
In transliteration
tadyathāsminnākāśe śyeno vā suparṇo vā viparipatya śrāntaḥ saṃhatya pakṣau saṃlayāyaiva dhriyate | evamevāyaṃ puruṣa etasmā antāya dhāvati | yatra supto na kaṃ cana kāmaṃ kāmayate na kaṃ cana svapnaṃ paśyati ||

In English

Just as a hawk or a falcon, having flown about in the sky and grown weary, folds its wings and makes straight for its nest to come to rest, so does this person hasten to that state where, fallen asleep, he desires no desire at all and sees no dream at all.

In plain words

As a hawk or eagle, tired from wheeling about the sky, draws in its wings and heads straight for its nest to settle, so the self, weary of the waking and dream worlds, rushes toward the state of deep, dreamless sleep, where it craves nothing and sees no dream. That nest is its resting place in its own being.

In the commentaries

Sri SankaraAdvaita

Sankara reads the homing bird as the self's natural movement toward deep sleep, where desire and dream both cease: this is a daily, partial return to its own quiet nature, foreshadowing the final rest in Brahman where no second object remains to be wanted or seen.

Sri Sankara, Brhadaranyaka-bhasya 4.3.19 (via Madhavananda)